Efectos de programas de ejercicio físico en la composición corporal, condición física y calidad de vida de personas mayores con sobrepeso u obesidaduna revisión sistemática

Bibliographische Referenzen

• Achamrah, N., Colange, G., Delay, J., Rimbert, A., Folope, V., Petit, A., Grigioni, S., Déchelotte, P., & Coëffier, M. (2018). Comparison of body composition assessment by DXA and BIA according to the body mass index: A retrospective study on 3655 measures. PloS One, 13(7). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.02004652018
• Aguilar, A., Florez, J. A., & Saavedra, Y. (2021). Capacidad aeróbica: Actividad física musicalizada, adulto mayor, promoción de la salud (Aerobic capacity: Musicalized physical activity, older adult, health promotion). Retos, 39, 953–960. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v0i39.67622
• Ahmadi, S. M., Fathi, M., RashidLamir, A., & Aminian, F. (2019). Effects of 8 Weeks Aerobic Training on Plasma Ghrelin Level and Ghrelin Lymphocyte Gene Expression in Elderly Men. Salmand-Iranian Journal Of Ageing, 13(4), 494–504. https://doi.org/10.32598/SIJA.13.4.494
• Amarya, S., Singh, K., & Sabharwal, M. (2014). Health consequences of obesity in the elderly. Journal of Clinical Gerontology and Geriatrics, 5(3), 63–67. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcgg.2014.01.004
• American College of Sports Medicine (2009). American College of Sports Medicine position stand. Progression models in resistance training for healthy adults. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 41(3), 687–708. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181915670
• American College of Sports Medicine (2021). ACSM's Guidelines for Exercise Testing and Prescription. Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer.
• Azamian, A., Moradi, E., Fathi, M., & Azamian, Z. (2022). Elastic band resistance training increases adropin and ame-liorates some cardiometabolic risk factors in elderly women: A quasi-experimental study. BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation, 14(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13102-022-00571-6
• Bai, X., Soh, K. G., Omar Dev, R. D., Talib, O., Xiao, W., Soh, K. L., Ong, S. L., Zhao, C., Galeru, O., & Casaru, C. (2022). Aerobic Exercise Combination Intervention to Improve Physical Performance Among the Elderly: A Sys-tematic Review. Frontiers in Physiology, 12, 798068. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2021.798068
• Bales, C. W., & Porter Starr, K. N. (2018). Obesity Interventions for Older Adults: Diet as a Determinant of Physical Function. Advances in Nutrition, 9(2), 151–159. https://doi.org/10.1093/advances/nmx016
• Ballin, M., Lundberg, E., Sörlén, N., Nordström, P., Hult, A., & Nordström, A. (2019a). Effects of interval training on quality of life and cardiometabolic risk markers in older adults: a randomized controlled trial. Clinical Interven-tions in Aging, 14, 1589–1599. https://doi.org/10.2147/CIA.S213133
• Ballin, M., Lundberg, E., Sörlén, N., Nordström, P., Hult, A., & Nordström, A. (2019b). Effects of Interval Training on Visceral Adipose Tissue in Centrally Obese 70-Year-Old Individuals: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 67(8), 1625–1631. https://doi.org/10.1111/jgs.15919
• Ballin, M., Hult, A., Björk, S., Lundberg, E., Nordström, P., & Nordström, A. (2020). Web-based exercise versus supervised exercise for decreasing visceral adipose tissue in older adults with central obesity: a randomized con-trolled trial. BMC Geriatrics, 20(1), 173. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-020-01577-w
• Barón, A. C., Fernandez, J. A., & Camargo, D. A. (2023). Efectos de dos programas de entrenamiento de fuerza sobre la capacidad física funcional y activación muscular en un grupo de adultos mayores (Effects of two strength training programs on functional physical capacity and muscle activation in a group of older adults). Retos, 51, 741–748. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v51.99901
• Bouaziz, W., Lang, P. O., Schmitt, E., Kaltenbach, G., Geny, B., & Vogel, T. (2016). Health benefits of multicompo-nent training programmes in seniors: a systematic review. International Journal of Clinical Practice, 70(7), 520–536. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijcp.12822
• Boukabous, I., Marcotte-Chénard, A., Amamou, T., Boulay, P., Brochu, M., Tessier, D., Dionne, I., & Riesco, E. (2019). Low-Volume High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) versus Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training on Body Composition, Cardiometabolic Profile and Physical Capacity in Older Women. Journal of Aging and Physical Activity, 27(4), 879–889. https://doi.org/10.1123/japa.2018-0309
• Bravo-Moya, J. ., Baeza Arellano, B., Valdes Retamal, P., & Concha-Cisternas, Y. (2023). Nivel de actividad física y calidad de vida relacionada con la salud en profesores de educación primaria (Physical activity level and health-related quality of life in primary school teachers). Retos, 49, 29–34. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v49.97989
• Burgos, C., Henríquez-Olguín, C., Ramírez-Campillo, R., Mahecha, S., & Cerda-Kohler, H. (2017). ¿Puede el ejerci-cio físico per se disminuir el peso corporal en sujetos con sobrepeso/obesidad?. Revista Médica de Chile, 145(6), 765-774. https://dx.doi.org/10.4067/s0034-98872017000600765
• Buckinx, F., Gaudreau, P., Marcangeli, V., Boutros, G. E. H., Dulac, M. C., Morais, J. A., & Aubertin-Leheudre, M. (2019). Muscle adaptation in response to a high-intensity interval training in obese older adults: effect of daily pro-tein intake distribution. Aging Clinical and Experimental Research, 31(6, SI), 863–874. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40520-019-01149-y
• Cao, L., Jiang, Y., Li, Q., Wang, J., & Tan, S. (2019). Exercise Training at Maximal Fat Oxidation Intensity for Over-weight or Obese Older Women: A Randomized Study. Journal of Sports Science & Medicine, 18(3), 413–418. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31427862/
• Carbone, S., Del Buono, M. G., Ozemek, C., & Lavie, C. J. (2019). Obesity, risk of diabetes and role of physical ac-tivity, exercise training and cardiorespiratory fitness. Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases, 62(4), 327–333. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pcad.2019.08.004
• Chodzko-Zajko, W.J., Proctor, D.N., Fiatarone, M.A., Minson, C.T., Nigg, C.R., Salem, G.J., & Skinner, J.S. (2009). Exercise and Physical Activity for Older Adults. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 41, 1510–1530. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0b013e3181a0c95c
• Chooi, Y. C., Ding, C., & Magkos, F. (2019). The epidemiology of obesity. Metabolism: Clinical and Experimental, 92, 6–10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.metabol.2018.09.005
• Ciangura, C., Carette, C., Faucher, P., Czernichow, S., & Oppert, J.-M. (2017). Obesidad del adulto. EMC-Tratado de Medicina, 21(2), 1–10. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/S1636-5410(17)84245-8
• Coates, A. M., Joyner, M. J., Little, J. P., Jones, A. M., & Gibala, M. J. (2023). A Perspective on High-Intensity Inter-val Training for Performance and Health. Sports Medicine, 53(Suppl 1), 85–96. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-023-01938-6
• Colleluori, G., & Villareal, D. T. (2021). Aging, obesity, sarcopenia and the effect of diet and exercise intervention. Experimental Gerontology, 155, 111561. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exger.2021.111561
• Colleluori, G., & Villareal, D. T. (2023). Weight strategy in older adults with obesity: calorie restriction or not?. Clini-cal Nutrition and Metabolic Care, 26(1), 17–22. https://doi.org/10.1097/MCO.0000000000000879
• Cuadri Fernández, J., Tornero Quiñones, I., Sierra Robles, Ángela, & Sáez Padilla, J. M. (2018). Revisión sistemática sobre los estudios de intervención de actividad física para el tratamiento de la obesidad (Systematic Review of Phy-sical Activity Programs for the treatment of Obesity). Retos, 33, 261–266. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v0i33.52996
• Elboim-Gabyzon, M., Buxbaum, R., & Klein, R. (2021). The Effects of High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) on Fall Risk Factors in Healthy Older Adults: A Systematic Review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 18(22), 11809. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182211809
• Fragala, M. S., Cadore, E. L., Dorgo, S., Izquierdo, M., Kraemer, W. J., Peterson, M. D., & Ryan, E. D. (2019). Resistance Training for Older Adults: Position Statement From the National Strength and Conditioning Association. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 33(8), 2019–2052. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000003230
• Frasca, D., Blomberg, B. B., & Paganelli, R. (2017). Aging, Obesity, and Inflammatory Age-Related Diseases. Fron-tiers in Immunology, 8, 1745. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2017.01745
• Fritz, N.B. (2021). Efectos del entrenamiento en intervalos de alta intensidad en adultos mayores: una revisión siste-mática. Cultura, Ciencia y Deporte, 16 (48), 187-198. http://dx.doi.org/10.12800/ccd.v16i48.1627
• Fritz, N. B., Gargallo, P., Juesas, A., Flandez, J., Furtado, G. E., Teixeira, A. M., & Colado, J. C. (2021). High -and moderate-intensity resistance training provokes different effects on body composition, functionality, and well-being in elderly. Journal of Human Sport and Exercise, 16(S), S335–S352. https://doi.org/10.14198/jhse.2021.16.Proc2.18
• Galaviz, R., Trejo, M., Borbón, J. C., Alarcón, E. I., Pineda, H. A., Arrayales, E. M., Robles, G. S., & Cutti, L. (2021). Efecto de un programa de entrenamiento de fuerza sobre IGF-1 en adultos mayores con obesidad e hiper-tensión controlada (Effect of a strength training program on IGF-1 in older adults with obesity and controlled hype-rtension). Retos, 39, 253–256. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v0i39.74723
• Galloza, J., Castillo, B., & Micheo, W. (2017). Benefits of Exercise in the Older Population. Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America, 28(4), 659–669. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmr.2017.06.001
• Geirsdottir, O. G., Chang, M., Jonsson, P. V, Thorsdottir, I., & Ramel, A. (2019). Obesity, physical function, and training success in community-dwelling nonsarcopenic old adults. Journal of Aging Research. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/5340328
• Ghanemi, A., Yoshioka, M., & St-Amand, J. (2021). Ageing and Obesity Shared Patterns: From Molecular Pathogene-sis to Epigenetics. Diseases (Basel, Switzerland), 9(4), 87. https://doi.org/10.3390/diseases9040087
• Gómez-Cabello, A., Rodríguez, G., Vila-Maldonado, S., Casajús, J. A., & Ara, I. (2012). Envejecimiento y composi-ción corporal: la obesidad sarcopénica en España. Nutrición Hospitalaria, 27(1), 22-30. http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0212-16112012000100004&lng=es&tlng=es.
• Grajek, M., Gdańska, A., Krupa-Kotara, K., Głogowska-Ligus, J., & Kobza, J. (2022). Global Self-Esteem, Physical Activity, and Body Composition Changes Following a 12-Week Dietary and Physical Activity Intervention in Older Women. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(20), 13220. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192013220
• Han, T. S., Tajar, A., & Lean, M. E. (2011). Obesity and weight management in the elderly. British Medical Bulletin, 97, 169–196. https://doi.org/10.1093/bmb/ldr002
• Haywood, C., & Sumithran, P. (2019). Treatment of obesity in older persons-A systematic review. Obesity Reviews: An Official Journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity, 20(4), 588–598. https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.12815
• Jiang, B. C., & Villareal, D. T. (2019). Weight Loss-Induced Reduction of Bone Mineral Density in Older Adults with Obesity. Journal of Nutrition in Gerontology and Geriatrics, 38(1), 100–114. https://doi.org/10.1080/21551197.2018.1564721
• Jura, M., & Kozak, L. P. (2016). Obesity and related consequences to ageing. Age, 38(1), 23. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11357-016-9884-3
• Junior, P. R. S., Nascimento, D. D. C., De Sousa Neto, I. V, Funghetto, S. S., Tibana, R. A., Navalta, J. W., … Pres-tes, J. (2021). Effects of resistance training on muscle quality index, muscle strength, functional capacity, and se-rum immunoglobulin levels between obese and non-obese older women. International Journal of Exercise Science, 14(7), 707–726. Retrieved from https://www.scopus.com/inward/record.uri?eid=2-s2.0-85108545355&partnerID=40&md5=fff157e2c81ed0d69f4b2cb283b561ed
• Kim, S. W., Jung, W. S., Park, W., & Park, H. Y. (2019). Twelve Weeks of Combined Resistance and Aerobic Exer-cise Improves Cardiometabolic Biomarkers and Enhances Red Blood Cell Hemorheological Function in Obese Older Men: A Randomized Controlled Trial. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(24), 5020. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16245020
• Kim, S.-W., Park, H.-Y., Jung, W.-S., & Lim, K. (2022). Effects of Twenty-Four Weeks of Resistance Exercise Train-ing on Body Composition, Bone Mineral Density, Functional Fitness and Isokinetic Muscle Strength in Obese Older Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(21), 14554. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192114554
• Kovač, M. (2016). Obesity in the elderly, weight loss yes or no?. Clinical Nutrition ESPEN, 14, 56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clnesp.2016.04.025
• Liao, C. D., Tsauo, J. Y., Hsiao, D. J., Liou, T. H., Huang, S. W., & Lin, L. F. (2017). Association of physical capacity with heart rate variability based on a short-duration measurement of resting pulse rate in older adults with obesity. PloS One, 12(12), e0189150. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0189150
• Lecube, A., Monereo, S., Rubio, M. Á., Martínez-de-Icaya, P., Martí, A., Salvador, J., Masmiquel, L., Goday, A., Bellido, D., Lurbe, E., García-Almeida, J. M., Tinahones, F. J., García-Luna, P. P., Palacio, E., Gargallo, M., Bretón, I., Morales-Conde, S., Caixàs, A., Menéndez, E., Puig-Domingo, M., … Casanueva, F. F. (2017). Preven-tion, diagnosis, and treatment of obesity. 2016 position statement of the Spanish Society for the Study of Obesity. Prevención, diagnóstico y tratamiento de la obesidad. Posicionamiento de la Sociedad Española para el Estudio de la Obesidad de 2016. Endocrinología, Diabetes y Nutrición, 64 Suppl 1, 15–22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.endonu.2016.07.002
• Lin, X., & Li, H. (2021). Obesity: Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, and Therapeutics. Frontiers in Endocrinology, 12, 706978. https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2021.706978
• Loría, T., & Rodríguez, M. (2018). Efecto de un programa de 18 semanas de actividad física sobre la capacidad aeróbi-ca, la fuerza y la composición corporal en personas adultas mayores. Revista Pensamiento Actual, 18(30), 125-135. https://revistas.ucr.ac.cr/index.php/pensamiento-actual/article/view/33815/33303
• Marcos-Pardo, P. J., González-Gálvez, N., Gea-García, G. M., López-Vivancos, A., Espeso-García, A., & Gomes de Souza Vale, R. (2020). Sarcopenia as a Mediator of the Effect of a Gerontogymnastics Program on Cardiorespirato-ry Fitness of Overweight and Obese Older Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial. International Journal of Envi-ronmental Research and Public Health, 17(19), 7064. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17197064
• Marra, M., Sammarco, R., De Lorenzo, A., Iellamo, F., Siervo, M., Pietrobelli, A., Donini, L. M., Santarpia, L., Cataldi, M., Pasanisi, F., & Contaldo, F. (2019). Assessment of Body Composition in Health and Disease Using Bi-oelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA) and Dual Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry (DXA): A Critical Overview. Con-trast Media & Molecular Imaging, 3548284. https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/3548284
• Mathis, A. L., Rooks, R. N., Tawk, R. H., & Kruger, D. J. (2017). Neighborhood Influences and BMI in Urban Older Adults. Journal of Applied Gerontology: The Official Journal of the Southern Gerontological Society, 36(6), 692–708. https://doi.org/10.1177/0733464815584670
• McPhee, J. S., French, D. P., Jackson, D., Nazroo, J., Pendleton, N., & Degens, H. (2016). Physical activity in older age: perspectives for healthy ageing and frailty. Biogerontology, 17(3), 567–580. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10522-016-9641-0
• Michalakis, K., Goulis, D. G., Vazaiou, A., Mintziori, G., Polymeris, A., & Abrahamian-Michalakis, A. (2013). Obe-sity in the Ageing Man. Metabolism: Clinical and Experimental, 62(10), 1341–1349. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.metabol.2013.05.019
• Miller, C. T., Fraser, S. F., Levinger, I., Straznicky, N. E., Dixon, J. B., Reynolds, J., & Selig, S. E. (2013). The effects of exercise training in addition to energy restriction on functional capacities and body composition in obese adults during weight loss: a systematic review. PloS One, 8(11), e81692. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0081692
• Moher, D., Liberati, A., Tetzlaff, J., Altman, D. G., Altman, D., Antes, G., Atkins, D., Barbour, V., Barrowman, N., Berlin, J. A., Clark, J., Clarke, M., Cook, D., D’Amico, R., Deeks, J. J., Devereaux, P. J., Dickersin, K., Egger, M., Ernst, E., … Tugwell, P. (2009). Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: The PRISMA statement. PLoS Medicine, 6(7). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pmed.1000097
• Mora, J. C., & Valencia, W. M. (2018). Exercise and Older Adults. Clinics in Geriatric Medicine, 34(1), 145–162. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cger.2017.08.007
• Moreira-Reis, A., Maté-Muñoz, J. L., Hernández-Lougedo, J., Vilches-Sáez, S., Benet, M., García-Fernández, P., … Garnacho-Castaño, M. V. (2022). Aerobic Dance on an Air Dissipation Platform Improves Cardiorespiratory, Muscular and Cellular Fitness in the Overweight and Obese Elderly. Biology, 11(4), 579. https://doi.org/10.3390/BIOLOGY11040579
• Moreno, C. (2012). Definición y clasificación de la obesidad. Revista Médica Clínica las Condes, 23(2):124-128. doi: 10.1016/S0716-8640(12)70288-2
• Nicklas, B. J., Brinkley, T. E., Houston, D. K., Lyles, M. F., Hugenschmidt, C. E., Beavers, K. M., & Leng, X. (2019). Effects of Caloric Restriction on Cardiorespiratory Fitness, Fatigue, and Disability Responses to Aerobic Exercise in Older Adults with Obesity: A Randomized Controlled Trial. The Journals of Gerontology. Series A, Biological Sci-ences and Medical Sciences, 74(7), 1084–1090. https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/gly159
• Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, World Health Organization. (2020). Overweight and obesity, in Health at a Glance: Asia/Pacific 2020: Measuring Progress Towards Universal Health Coverage. https://doi.org/10.1787/26b007cd-en
• Ortega, F. B., Ruiz, J. R., Castillo, M. J., & Sjöström, M. (2008). Physical fitness in childhood and adolescence: a powerful marker of health. International Journal of Obesity, 32(1), 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ijo.0803774
• Page, M. J., McKenzie, J. E., Bossuyt, P. M., Boutron, I., Hoffmann, T. C., Mulrow, C. D., ... & Moher, D. (2021). Declaración PRISMA 2020: una guía actualizada para la publicación de revisiones sistemáticas. Revista Española de Cardiología, 74(9), 790-799. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.recesp.2021.06.016
• Palella-López, Patricia Belén, Masi, Celia, & Velázquez-Comelli, Patricia Carolina. (2022). Estado nutricional, con-dición funcional y nivel de autoestima de mujeres mayores de 60 años. Revista Científica Ciencias de la Salud, 4(1), 38-46. Epub June 00, 2022. https://doi.org/10.53732/rccsalud/04.01.2022.38
• Park, H. Y., Jung, W. S., Kim, J., & Lim, K. (2019). Twelve weeks of exercise modality in hypoxia enhances health-related function in obese older Korean men: A randomized controlled trial. Geriatrics & Gerontology Internation-al, 19(4), 311–316. https://doi.org/10.1111/ggi.13625
• Park, W., Jung, W. S., Hong, K., Kim, Y. Y., Kim, S. W., & Park, H. Y. (2020). Effects of Moderate Combined Re-sistanceand Aerobic-Exercise for 12 Weeks on Body Composition, Cardiometabolic Risk Factors, Blood Pres-sure, Arterial Stiffness, and Physical Functions, among Obese Older Men: A Pilot Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(19), 7233. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17197233
• Patrizio, E., Calvani, R., Marzetti, E., & Cesari, M. (2021). Physical Functional Assessment in Older Adults. The Journal of Frailty & Aging, 10(2), 141–149. https://doi.org/10.14283/jfa.2020.61
• Prieto, J. A., Valle, M., Nistal, P., Méndez, D., Abelairas-Gómez, C., & Barcala-Furelos, R. (2015). Repercusión del ejercicio físico en la composición corporal y la capacidad aeróbica de adultos mayores con obesidad mediante tres modelos de intervención. Nutrición Hospitalaria, 31(3), 1217-1224. https://dx.doi.org/10.3305/nh.2015.31.3.8434
• Rezaeipour, M. (2020). Investigation of Pool Workouts on Weight, Body Composition, Resting Energy Expenditure, and Quality of Life among Sedentary Obese Older Women. Montenegrin Journal of Sports Science and Medicine, 9(1), 67-72. doi: 10.26773/mjssm.200309
• Rezaeipour, M., Apanasenko, G. L., & Banparvari, M. (2021). Weight-Loss Parameters and Quality of Life in Obese Aged Women Using Waterinmotion. Health Scope, 10(2). https://doi.org/10.5812/jhealthscope.109478
• Ribeiro, A. S., Schoenfeld, B. J., Dos Santos, L., Nunes, J. P., Tomeleri, C. M., Cunha, P. M., … Cyrino, E. S. (2020). Resistance Training Improves a Cellular Health Parameter in Obese Older Women: A Randomized Con-trolled Trial. Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 34(10), 2996–3002. https://doi.org/10.1519/JSC.0000000000002773
• Ryan, A. S., Li, G., McMillin, S., Prior, S. J., Blumenthal, J. B., & Mastella, L. (2021). Pathways in Skeletal Muscle: Protein Signaling and Insulin Sensitivity after Exercise Training and Weight Loss Interventions in Middle-Aged and Older Adults. Cells, 10(12), 3490. https://doi.org/10.3390/cells10123490
• Shah, K., Armamento-Villareal, R., Parimi, N., Chode, S., Sinacore, D. R., Hilton, T. N., Napoli, N., Qualls, C., & Villareal, D. T. (2011). Exercise training in obese older adults prevents increase in bone turnover and attenuates decrease in hip bone mineral density induced by weight loss despite decline in bone-active hormones. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research: The Official Journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research, 26(12), 2851–2859. https://doi.org/10.1002/jbmr.475
• Silva, F., Petrica, J., Serrano, J., Paulo, R., Ramalho, A., Lucas, D., Ferreira, J. P., & Duarte-Mendes, P. (2019). The Sedentary Time and Physical Activity Levels on Physical Fitness in the Elderly: A Comparative Cross Sectional Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(19), 3697. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16193697
• Smith, C., Woessner, M. N., Sim, M., & Levinger, I. (2022). Sarcopenia definition: Does it really matter? Implications for resistance training. Ageing Research Reviews, 78, 101617. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arr.2022.101617
• St-Onge, M. P., & Gallagher, D. (2010). Body composition changes with aging: the cause or the result of alterations in metabolic rate and macronutrient oxidation?. Nutrition (Burbank, Los Angeles County, Calif.), 26(2), 152–155. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nut.2009.07.004
• Tam, B. T., Morais, J. A., & Santosa, S. (2020). Obesity and ageing: Two sides of the same coin. Obesity Reviews: An Official Journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity, 21(4), e12991. https://doi.org/10.1111/obr.12991
• Timmons, J. F., Minnock, D., Hone, M., Cogan, K. E., Murphy, J. C., & Egan, B. (2018). Comparison of time-matched aerobic, resistance, or concurrent exercise training in older adults. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports, 28(11), 2272–2283. https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.13254
• Tous-Espelosín, M., Gorostegi-Anduaga, I., Corres, P., MartinezAguirre-Betolaza, A., & Maldonado-Martín, S. (2020). Impact on Health-Related Quality of Life after Different Aerobic Exercise Programs in Physically Inactive Adults with Overweight/Obesity and Primary Hypertension: Data from the EXERDIET-HTA Study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(24), 9349. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17249349
• Valdés-Badilla, P., Guzmán-Muñoz, E., Ramírez-Campillo, R., Godoy-Cumillaf, A., Concha-Cisternas, Y., Ortega-Spuler, J., … Magnani-Branco, B. H. (2020). Changes in anthropometric parameters and physical fitness in older adults after participating in a 16-week physical activity program. Revista Facultad de Medicina, 68(3), 375–382. https://doi.org/10.15446/revfacmed.v68n3.75817
• Vargas, M. Á., & Rosas, M. E. (2019). Impacto de un programa de actividad física aeróbica en adultos mayores con hipertensión arterial. Revista Latinoamericana de Hipertensión, 14(2), 142-149.
• Vázquez, L. Á., Navarro-Patón, R., Ramos-Álvarez, O., Mecías-Calvo, M., & Lago-Fuentes, C. (2023). Actividad física y calidad de vida de adultos mayores en Argentina: un estudio transversal (Physical activity and quality of life in Argentinian older adults: a cross-sectional study). Retos, 48, 86–93. https://doi.org/10.47197/retos.v48.93321
• Villareal, D. T., Aguirre, L., Gurney, A. B., Waters, D. L., Sinacore, D. R., Colombo, E., Armamento-Villareal, R., & Qualls, C. (2017). Aerobic or Resistance Exercise, or Both, in Dieting Obese Older Adults. The New England Journal of Medicine, 376(20), 1943–1955. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1616338
• Waters D. L. (2019). Intermuscular Adipose Tissue: A Brief Review of Etiology, Association with Physical Function and Weight Loss in Older Adults. Annals of geriatric medicine and research, 23(1), 3–8. https://doi.org/10.4235/agmr.19.0001
• Waters, D. L., Aguirre, L., Gurney, B., Sinacore, D. R., Fowler, K., Gregori, G., Armamento-Villareal, R., Qualls, C., & Villareal, D. T. (2022). Effect of Aerobic or Resistance Exercise, or Both, on Intermuscular and Visceral Fat and Physical and Metabolic Function in Older Adults with Obesity While Dieting. The Journals of Gerontology. Series A, Biological Sciences and Medical Sciences, 77(1), 131–139. https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glab111
• World Health Organization. Division of Mental Health and Prevention of Substance Abuse. (‎1997)‎. WHOQOL : measuring quality of life. World Health Organization. https://iris.who.int/handle/10665/63482
• Wu, Z. J., Wang, Z. Y., Gao, H. E., Zhou, X. F., & Li, F. H. (2021). Impact of high-intensity interval training on car-diorespiratory fitness, body composition, physical fitness, and metabolic parameters in older adults: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Experimental Gerontology, 150, 111345. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exger.2021.111345
• Wu, Z. J., Han, C., Wang, Z. Y., & Li, F. H. (2023). Combined training prescriptions for improving cardiorespiratory fitness, physical fitness, body composition, and cardiometabolic risk factors in older adults: Systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled trials. Science & Sports, 10.1016/j.scispo.2022.03.015. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scispo.2022.03.015
• Youssef, L., Granet, J., Marcangeli, V., Dulac, M., Hajj-Boutros, G., Reynaud, O., … Aubertin-Leheudre, M. (2022). Clinical and Biological Adaptations in Obese Older Adults Following 12-Weeks of High-Intensity Interval Training or Moderate-Intensity Continuous Training. Healthcare, 10(7). https://doi.org/10.3390/healthcare10071346
• Yuan, L., Chang, M., & Wang, J. (2021). Abdominal obesity, body mass index and the risk of frailty in community-dwelling older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Age and Ageing, 50(4), 1118–1128. https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afab039