Desarrollo de nuevas reacciones de formación de enlaces C-C y C-Si catalizadas por Ni y Fe

Zusammenfassung

The transition metals have allowed the development of powerful tools in organic synthesis during the last decades. Cross-coupling reactions catalysed by transition metals involving organic electrophiles and organometallic reagents are of great interest. The development of new catalytic systems with first row transition metals together with the synthesis of functionalized organometallic reagents have favoured the advances in this methodology. This type of reactions are a powerful tools for the formation of all types of C-C σ bonds with many of applications, since it allows the obtaining of molecules with great structural complexity from simple fragments. On the other hand, the cyclization reactions of polyunsaturated species have contributed significantly to the development of a new concept of atom-economic catalysis in the last decade. The formation of intramolecular C-C bonds has been particularly important in the appearance of new methods for the construction of carbo- and heterocyclic molecules, which are the fundamental skeleton of natural products, pharmaceutical compounds and materials. From these reactions, we should highlight the borylative cyclization reactions fundamentally catalysed by metals from group 10. Finally, the hydrosilylation reaction in which a silicon reagent is introduced into a multiple C-C bond is one of the most efficient methods for organosilylated compounds formation. This process has a great industrial application in the synthesis of polymers.