Estudio sobre el efecto como fortificante de extractos de diferentes partes de la planta Moringa oleífera en el crecimiento y desarrollo de plantas de banano (Musa AAA) var. Williams obtenidas in vitro

Abstract

The study carried out during the growth and development of Moringa plants included the biochemical characterization of their organs using methanolic and aqueous extracts. It was observed that leaves in the vegetative and floral phase are rich in nitrogen and have high soluble phenol content and antioxidant activity. To evaluate the fortifying activity of Moringa plants, different concentrations of aqueous extracts from the vegetative and floral phases were applied to banana vitro plants of the “Williams” clone that had been acclimated for six weeks. Twenty-one days after the extract application, treated plants showed more growth, higher soluble phenol content and higher antioxidant activity than controls, whereas leaves had higher content of chlorophylls and lower leakage of electrolytes from cell membranes. For the optimization of in vitro banana cultivation, local banana plant material was sprouted in a greenhouse, this facilitated the establishment of aseptic cultures and increased the proliferation capacity. The use of RITA® temporary immersion systems increased the efficiency of in vitro multiplication. This system was used to design and assemble a local prototype using polypropylene containers. Banana vitroplants cultured in this prototype showed more vigour when the culture medium was supplemented with aqueous Moringa extracts obtained from leaves of plants in the floral phase.