Impact of mindfulness and self-compassion on anxiety and depression: The mediating role of resilience

  1. Adrián Pérez-Aranda
  2. Javier García-Campayo
  3. Francisco Gude
  4. Juan V. Luciano
  5. Albert Feliu-Soler
  6. Arturo González-Quintela
  7. Yolanda López-del-Hoyo
  8. Jesus Montero-Marin
Revista:
International journal of clinical and health psychology

ISSN: 1697-2600

Ano de publicación: 2021

Volume: 21

Número: 2

Páxinas: 53-62

Tipo: Artigo

DOI: 10.1016/J.IJCHP.2021.100229 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openAcceso aberto editor

Outras publicacións en: International journal of clinical and health psychology

Resumo

Antecedentes/Objetivo: Las terapias de “tercera generación” han probado ser eficaces para tratar síntomas psicopatológicos como la ansiedad y la depresión. Hay un interés creciente en examinar cómo los constructos nucleares de estas terapias producen beneficios terapéuticos. Este estudio explora el hipotético efecto mediador de la resiliencia en la relación del mindfulness y la autocompasión sobre los síntomas de ansiedad y depresión. Método: Estudio de diseño transversal. Muestra formada por 860 participantes españoles de la población general. Las medidas incluidas fueron: MAAS, SCS-12, CD-RISC y GADS. Se calcularon correlaciones bivariadas y se realizaron modelos de análisis del camino. Resultados: Se hallaron correlaciones significativas entre las variables, siempre en la dirección esperada (p < 0,001). El modelo de análisis del camino mostró efectos directos significativos de mindfulness y autocompasión sobre síntomas de ansiedad y depresión, pero el único efecto indirecto significativo a través de la resiliencia se encontró en depresión (MAAS: β = -0,05, 95% CI = -0,11 ‒ -0,02; SCS-12: β = -0,06, 95% CI = -0,33 ‒ -0,07). Conclusiones: La resiliencia puede mediar parcialmente el efecto de mindfulness y autocompasión sobre la depresión, pero no sobre la ansiedad.

Información de financiamento

Financiadores

Referencias bibliográficas

  • Asensio-Martínez et al., 2019, Relation of the psychological constructs of resilience, mindfulness, and self-compassion on the perception of physical and mental health. Psychology Research and Behavior Management, 12 (2019), pp. 1155-1166 http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/PRBM.S225169
  • Baer et al., 2012, Mindfulness and self-compassion as predictors of psychological wellbeing in long-term meditators and matched nonmeditators. Journal of Positive Psychology, 7 (2012), pp. 230-238 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17439760.2012.674548
  • Bajaj and Pande, 2016, Mediating role of resilience in the impact of mindfulness on life satisfaction and affect as indices of subjective well-being. Personality and Individual Differences, 93 (2016), pp. 63-67 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2015.09.005
  • Bartoll et al., 2014, The evolution of mental health in Spain during the economic crisis. European Journal of Public Health, 24 (2014), pp. 415-418 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckt208
  • Brown and Ryan, 2003, The Benefits of Being Present: Mindfulness and Its Role in Psychological Well-Being. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84 (2003), pp. 822-848 http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.84.4.822
  • Campbell-Sills and Stein, 2007, Psychometric analysis and refinement of the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC): Validation of a 10-item measure of resilience. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 20 (2007), pp. 1019-1028 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jts.20271
  • Conversano et al., 2020, Mindfulness, compassion, and self-compassion among health care professionals: What’s new? A systematic review. Frontiers in Psychology, 11 (2020) http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01683
  • Deits-Lebehn et al., 2019, Dispositional mindfulness, nonattachment, and experiential avoidance in the interpersonal circumplex. Personality and Individual Differences, 151 (2019), http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2019.109522
  • Diedrich et al., 2014, Self-compassion as an emotion regulation strategy in major depressive disorder. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 58 (2014), pp. 43-51 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2014.05.006
  • Garcia-Campayo et al., 2014, Validation of the Spanish versions of the long (26 items) and short (12 items) forms of the Self-Compassion Scale (SCS). Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, 12 (2014), http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1477-7525-12-4
  • Gili et al., 2013, The mental health risks of economic crisis in Spain: Evidence from primary care centres, 2006 and 2010. European Journal of Public Health, 23 (2013), pp. 103-108 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/cks035
  • Goldberg et al., 1988, Detecting anxiety and depression in general medical settings. British Medical Journal, 297 (1988), pp. 897-899 http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.297.6653.897
  • Gude et al., 2017, Glycemic Variability and Its Association with Demographics and Lifestyles in a General Adult Population. Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology, 11 (2017), pp. 780-790 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1932296816682031
  • Guendelman et al., 2017, Mindfulness and emotion regulation: Insights from neurobiological, psychological, and clinical studies. Frontiers in Psychology, 8 (2017), http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00220
  • Hanley et al., 2017, Relating dispositional mindfulness, contemplative practice, and positive reappraisal with posttraumatic cognitive coping, stress, and growth. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy, 9 (2017), pp. 526-536 http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/tra0000208
  • Hasin et al., 2018, Epidemiology of adult DSM-5 major depressive disorder and its specifiers in the United States. JAMA Psychiatry, 75 (2018), pp. 336-346 http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2017.4602
  • Hayes and Feldman, 2006, Clarifying the Construct of Mindfulness in the Context of Emotion Regulation and the Process of Change in Therapy. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 11 (2006), pp. 255-262 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clipsy.bph080
  • Hayes, 2020, Una mente liberada: la guía esencial de la terapia de aceptación y compromiso (ACT). Paidós, (2020).
  • Hoge et al., 2015, Change in Decentering Mediates Improvement in Anxiety in Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction for Generalized Anxiety Disorder. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 39 (2015), pp. 228-235 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10608-014-9646-4
  • Jahoda et al., 2017, Mindfulness and Third Wave Therapies. Cognitive Behaviour Therapy for People with Intellectual Disabilities, pp. 181-212
  • Joyce et al., 2018, Road to resilience: A systematic review and meta-analysis of resilience training programmes and interventions. BMJ Open, 8 (2018), http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-017858
  • Kabat-Zinn, 2003, Mindfulness-based interventions in context: Past, present, and future. Clinical Psychology-Science And Practice, 10 (2003), pp. 144-156 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clipsy.bpg016
  • Kay, 2016, Emotion regulation and resilience: Overlooked connections. Industrial and Organizational Psychology, 9 (2016), pp. 411-415 http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/iop.2016.31
  • Kemper et al., 2015, Are mindfulness and self-compassion associated with sleep and resilience in health professionals?. Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine, 21 (2015), pp. 496-503 http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/acm.2014.0281
  • Khansa et al., 2020, Interaction between anxiety and depression on suicidal ideation, quality of life, and work productivity impairment: Results from a representative sample of the Lebanese population. Perspectives in Psychiatric Care, 56 (2020), pp. 270-279 http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ppc.12423
  • Lockhart et al., 2011, Mediation analysis in psychosomatic medicine research. Psychosomatic Medicine, 73 (2011), pp. 29-43 http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/PSY.0b013e318200a54b
  • MacKinnon, 2008, Introduction to statistical mediation analysis. Erlbaum Psych Press, (2008).
  • Mayordomo et al., 2016, Resilience and Coping as Predictors of Well-Being in Adults. Journal of Psychology: Interdisciplinary and Applied, 150 (2016), pp. 809-821 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00223980.2016.1203276
  • Mehr and Adams, 2016, Self-Compassion as a Mediator of Maladaptive Perfectionism and Depressive Symptoms in College Students. Journal of College Student Psychotherapy, 30 (2016), pp. 132-145 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/87568225.2016.1140991
  • Montero-Marín et al., 2018, Efficacy of “attachment-based compassion therapy” in the treatment of fibromyalgia: A randomized controlled trial. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 8 (2018), http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2017.00307
  • Montero-Marin et al., 2015, Mindfulness, resilience, and burnout subtypes in primary care physicians: The possible mediating role of positive and negative affect. Frontiers in Psychology, 6 (2015), http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2015.01895
  • Montón et al., 1993, Escalas de ansiedad y depresión de Goldberg: guía de entrevista eficaz para la detención del malestar psíquico. Atencion Primaria, 12 (1993), pp. 345-349
  • Neff, 2003, The development and validation of a scale to measure self-compassion. Self and Identity, 2 (2003), pp. 223-250 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15298860309027
  • Neff and McGehee, 2010, Self-compassion and psychological resilience among adolescents and young adults. Self and Identity, 9 (2010), pp. 225-240 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15298860902979307
  • Neff et al., 2019, Examining the factor structure of the Self-Compassion Scale in 20 diverse samples: Support for use of a total score and six subscale scores. Psychological Assessment, 31 (2019), pp. 27-45 http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/pas0000629
  • Nunnally and Bernstein, 1994, Psychometric theory. 3rd ed., McGraw-Hill, (1994).
  • O’Connor et al., 2018, The Efficacy and Acceptability of Third-Wave Behavioral and Cognitive eHealth Treatments: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. Behavior Therapy, 49 (2018), pp. 459-475 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.beth.2017.07.007
  • Pagnini et al., 2019, Longitudinal associations between mindfulness and well-being in people with multiple sclerosis. International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology, 19 (2019), pp. 22-30 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijchp.2018.11.003
  • Pardos-Gascón et al., 2021, Differential efficacy between cognitive-behavioral therapy and mindfulness-based therapies for chronic pain: Systematic review. International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology, 21 (2021), http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijchp.2020.08.001
  • Pérez-Aranda et al., 2019, A randomized controlled efficacy trial of mindfulness-based stress reduction compared with an active control group and usual care for fibromyalgia: The EUDAIMON study. Pain, 160 (2019), pp. 2508-2523 http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001655
  • Polizzi et al., 2018, Trait Mindfulness: A Multifaceted Evaluation. Imagination, Cognition and Personality, 38 (2018), pp. 106-138 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0276236618774321
  • Quist-Møller et al., 2018, Health Benefits of (Mindful) Self-Compassion Meditation and the Potential Complementarity to Mindfulness-Based Interventions: A Review of Randomized-Controlled Trials. OBM Integrative and Complementary Medicine, 4 (2018), http://dx.doi.org/10.21926/obm.icm.1901002
  • Raes et al., 2011, Construction and factorial validation of a short form of the Self-Compassion Scale. Clinical Psychology and Psychotherapy, 18 (2011), pp. 250-255 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cpp.702
  • Reivan-Ortiz et al., 2019, Psychometric properties of the Goldberg Anxiety and Depression Scale (GADS) in Ecuadorian population. International Journal of Psychological Research, 12 (2019), pp. 41-48 http://dx.doi.org/10.21500/20112084.3745
  • Rutter, 1985, Resilience in the face of adversity. British Journal of Psychiatry, 147 (1985), pp. 598-611 http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.147.6.598
  • Soler et al., 2012, Psychometric proprieties of Spanish version of Mindful Attention Awareness Scale (MAAS). Actas Espanolas de Psiquiatria, 40 (2012), pp. 19-26
  • Soler Sánchez et al., 2016, Propiedades psicométricas de la versión española de la escala de resiliencia de 10 ítems de Connor-Davidson (CD-RISC 10) en una muestra multiocupacional. Revista Latinoamericana de Psicologia, 48 (2016), pp. 159-166 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rlp.2015.09.002
  • Southwick and Charney, 2012, The science of resilience: Implications for the prevention and treatment of depression. Science, 338 (2012), pp. 79-82 http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1222942
  • Stein et al., 2017, Epidemiology of anxiety disorders: From surveys to nosology and back. Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience, 19 (2017), pp. 127-136 www.dialogues-cns.org
  • Sünbül and Güneri, 2019, The relationship between mindfulness and resilience: The mediating role of self compassion and emotion regulation in a sample of underprivileged Turkish adolescents. Personality and Individual Differences, 139 (2019), pp. 337-342 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2018.12.009
  • Takahashi et al., 2020, Dispositional Mindfulness Mediates the Relationship Between Sensory-Processing Sensitivity and Trait Anxiety, Well-Being, and Psychosomatic Symptoms. Psychological Reports, 123 (2020), pp. 1083-1098 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0033294119841848
  • Takahashi et al., 2019, Changes in depression and anxiety through mindfulness group therapy in Japan: The role of mindfulness and self-compassion as possible mediators. BioPsychoSocial Medicine, 13 (2019), http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s13030-019-0145-4
  • Van Dam et al., 2011, Self-compassion is a better predictor than mindfulness of symptom severity and quality of life in mixed anxiety and depression. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 25 (2011), pp. 123-130 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2010.08.011
  • Wang et al., 2016, Emotional resilience mediates the relationship between mindfulness and emotion. Psychological Reports, 118 (2016), pp. 725-736 http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0033294116649707
  • Whitehead et al., 2019, Nonattachment Mediates the Relationship Between Mindfulness and Psychological Well-Being, Subjective Well-Being, and Depression, Anxiety and Stress. Journal of Happiness Studies, 20 (2019), pp. 2141-2158 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10902-018-0041-9
  • Wicksell et al., 2010, Psychological flexibility as a mediator of improvement in Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for patients with chronic pain following whiplash. European Journal of Pain, 14 (2010), pp. 1059.e1-1059.e11 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpain.2010.05.001
  • Wilson et al., 2019, Effectiveness of Self-Compassion Related Therapies: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Mindfulness, 10 (2019), pp. 979-995 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12671-018-1037-6