Une approche constructionniste de la composante pragmatique des pragmatèmesLe cas des pragmatèmes "apposés"

Resumo

This study focuses on the characterization of pragmatemes within the theoretical framework of the Grammar of Constructions (GC), since the GC principles designed on the basis of a usage-based approach to language are most likely to be able to describe this type of construction. Indeed, the definition of pragmatemes as units linked to a given enunciation situation makes them particularly appropriate for being approached from the constructionist foundations. To demonstrate the relevance of this theoretical framework in the characterization of pragmatemes, the concepts of pragmatic scenario (Legallois), causal chain, and perlocutionary causality modality (Verlesch) are used on a series of examples drawn from a particular type of pragmatemes, affixed pragmatemes, defined as pragmatemic statements associated with “dedicated” supports (Varga). The detailed analysis of these examples allows us to show the unavoidable presence of the pragmatic component in the description of affixed pragmatemes, and thus, in that of pragmatemes in general. A final result of this case study is the need to make this component explicit in the characterization of pragmatemic statements at a level differentiated from the levels of schematization and specification particular to the description of constructions made according to a constructionist approach