Procesos de Aprendizaje en Aprendizaje-Servicio UniversitarioUna Revisión Teórica

  1. David García Romero 1
  2. José Luis Lalueza 1
  1. 1 Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona
    info

    Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona

    Barcelona, España

    ROR https://ror.org/052g8jq94

Revista:
Educación XX1: Revista de la Facultad de Educación

ISSN: 1139-613X,  2174-5374

Año de publicación: 2019

Volumen: 22

Número: 2

Páginas: 45-68

Tipo: Artículo

DOI: 10.5944/EDUCXX1.22716 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openAcceso abierto editor

Otras publicaciones en: Educación XX1: Revista de la Facultad de Educación

Objetivos de desarrollo sostenible

Resumen

El Aprendizaje-Servicio (ApS) ha extendido su alcance en la educación superior en las últimas décadas, incrementando el número de programas implementados y de centros que los sustentan. Este proceso ha sido acompañado por un despegue de la investigación, con la aparición de sociedades académicas y revistas dedicadas al ámbito. Pero estos encuentros científicos han evidenciados divergencias en la forma de entender el ApS en cuestiones fundamentales. En este trabajo analizamos una de esas divergencias: la diversidad de modelos conceptuales acerca de los procesos de aprendizaje propios del ApS y sus correspondientes líneas de investigación. Proponemos una discusión crítica sobre este tema que ayude a fundamentar un marco teórico sólido para el ApS. Para ello realizamos una búsqueda bibliográfica en torno a los temas “procesos de aprendizaje” e “identidad” en Aprendizaje-Servicio, utilizando la base de datos ERIC. De los artículos encontrados, procedimos a una selección para su lectura en profundidad, en aras de encontrar las principales líneas de investigación en ApS y construir una discusión alrededor de los procesos de aprendizaje e identidad en los que se fundamenta la investigación actual. Examinamos las similitudes y diferencias de tres perspectivas teóricas que identificamos como centrales en la investigación, el aprendizaje experiencial, el aprendizaje transformativo y las teorías críticas, y una cuarta emergente, el enfoque histórico-cultural, elaborando nuestra discusión en dos bloques: procesos de aprendizaje y procesos de identidad. Nuestro análisis permite identificar diferentes procesos de aprendizaje e identidad presentes en los modelos teóricos analizados, que a nuestro juicio permiten definir los modelos de aprendizaje propios del ApS: reflexión a partir de la experiencia, transformación de la identidad a través de la alteridad, asunción de la agencia a través de la toma de conciencia social e implicación en una comunidad de prácticas a través de la construcción de significados y metas compartidos.

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Información de financiación

Esta investigación forma parte del proyecto I+D+i: EDU2014-55354-R, financiado por la Secretaría de Estado de Investigación, Desarrollo e Innovación del Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad.

Financiadores

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Fuente de los datos: Dialnet