Effect of pre-grazing herbage mass and daily herbage allowance on perennial ryegrass swards structure, pasture dry matter intake and milk performance of Holstein-Friesian dairy cows

  1. Roca Fernández, Ana Isabel
  2. O'Donovan, Michael
  3. Curran, J.
  4. González Rodríguez, Antonio
Revista:
Spanish journal of agricultural research

ISSN: 1695-971X,  2171-9292

Año de publicación: 2011

Volumen: 9

Número: 1

Páginas: 86-99

Tipo: Artículo

DOI: 10.5424/SJAR/20110901-126-10 DIALNET GOOGLE SCHOLAR lock_openDialnet editor

Otras publicaciones en: Spanish journal of agricultural research

Resumen

Para maximizar la producción de leche en vacuno y el contenido de sólidos en suspensión por hectárea es necesario identificar el nivel de pastoreo para lograr alta ingestión de pasto (PDMI). El objetivo de este estudio fue investigar el efecto de la oferta (HM) y disponibilidad diaria de hierba (DHA) sobre la estructura morfológica del pasto de raigrás inglés (Lolium perenne L.), la ingestión y la producción de leche. Sesenta y cuatro vacas Holstein-Friesian de partos de primavera fueron distribuidas y asignadas al azar a cuatro grupos (n = 16) en pastoreo (LL, LH, HL y HH) utilizando un diseño factorial 2 × 2. Los tratamientos consistieron en dos HM pre-pastoreo, baja (L- 1.600 kg MS ha�1) o alta (H- 2.400 kg MS ha�1) y dos DHA, baja (L- 15 kg MS vaca�1 día�1) o alta (H- 20 kg MS vaca�1 día�1). Se estudió la estructura e ingestión de pasto y la producción de leche durante el pastoreo. Los grupos con baja HM completaron 9,5 rotaciones de 22 días en comparación con 6,5 rotaciones de 32 días en los grupos con alta HM. La utilización del pasto fue superior (p < 0,001) con baja DHA (98,0%) que con alta DHA (89,9%). La producción en MS de tallos y material senescente (> 4,0 cm) fue menor (p < 0,001) con baja HM (221 y 170 kg ha�1, respectivamente) que con alta HM (388 y 303 kg ha�1, respectivamente). La alta DHA logró mayor (p < 0,001) producción de leche (19,5 kg día�1) y sólidos en suspensión (1,46 kg vaca�1). Los valores más altos de producción de leche por ha y por vaca se alcanzaron en LH, con menos rechazos y alta calidad del pasto.

Referencias bibliográficas

  • Bargo F., Muller L.D., Delahoy J.E., Cassidy T.W., 2002. Milk response to concentrate supplementation of high producing dairy cows grazing at two pasture allowances. J. Dairy Sci 85, 1777-1792. http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(02)74252-5
  • Carton O.T., Brereton A.J., O'Keffe W.F., Keane G.P., 1989. Effect of turnout date and grazing severity in a rotationally grazed reproductive sward. 2. Tissue turnover. Irish J Agric Res 26, 165-175.
  • Clark D.A., Kanneganti V.R., 1998. Grazing management systems for dairy cattle. In: Grass for dairy cattle (Cherney J.H. and Cherney D.J.R., ed). Ed CAB International, Oxon, UK. pp. 331.
  • Combellas J., Hodgson J., 1979. Herbage intake and milk production by grazing dairy cows. 1. The effects of variation in herbage mass and daily herbage allowance in a short-term trial. Grass Forage Sci 34, 209-214. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1979.tb01469.x
  • Curran J., Delaby L., Keneddy E., Murphy J.P., Boland T.M., O'Donovan M., 2010. Sward characteristics, grass dry matter intake and milk production performance are affected by pre-grazing herbage mass and pasture allowance. Livest Prod Sci 127, 144-154. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.livsci.2009.09.004
  • Delaby L., Peyraund J.L., 1998. Effect d'une reduction simultanée de la fertilisation azotée et du chargement sur les performances des vaches laitières et la valorisation du pâturage. Ann Zootech 47, 17-39. [In French]. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/animres:19980102
  • Delaby L., Peyraud J.L., Delagarde R., 2001. Effect of the level of concentrate supplementation, herbage allowance and milk yield at turn-out on the performance of dairy cows in mid lactation at grazing. J Anim Sci 73, 171-181.
  • Dillon P., Stakelum G., 1989. Herbage and dosed alkanes as a grass management technique for dairy cows. Agric Res Forum 8, 104.
  • Dillon P., Crosse S., O’Brien B., Mayes R.W., 2002. The effect of forage type and level of concentrate supplementation on the performance of spring-calving dairy cows in early lactation. Grass Forage Sci 57(3), 212-223. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2494.2002.00319.x
  • Dillon P., Roche J.R., Shalloo L., Horan B., 2005. optimising financial return from grazing in temperate pastures. Proc XXth Int Grassland Congress. Cork, Ireland, Jun 26-Jul 1. pp. 131-148.
  • Fulkerson W.J., Donaghy D.J., 2001. Plant-soluble carbohydrate reserves and senescence-key criteria for developing an effective grazing management system for ryegrass-based pastures: a review. Aust J Exp Agric 41, 261-275. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/EA00062
  • González A., Vazquez O.P., López J., 2008. The effects of grazing pressure and concentrate use on efficient dairy production in Galicia. Proc 22nd EGF General Meeting. Grass Sci in Europe 13, 813-815. Uppsala, Sweden, June 9-12.
  • Hoden A., Micol D., Liénard G., Muller A., Peyraud J.L., 1986. Interpretation des essayés de pâturage avec des bovines: terminologie, modes de calcul, bilans annuels. Bull Tech CRZV Theix 63, 31-42. [In French].
  • Holmes C.W., Hoogendoorn C.J., Ryan M.P., Chu A.C.P., 1992. Some effects of herbage composition, as influenced by previous grazing management, on milk production on ryegrass/white clover pastures. 1. Milk production in early spring: effects of different regrowth intervals during the preceding winter period. Grass Forage Sci 47, 309-315. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1992.tb02276.x
  • Hoogendoorn C.J., Holmes C.W., Chu A.C.P., 1992. Some effects of herbage composition, as influenced by previous grazing management, on milk production by cows grazing on ryegrass/white clover pastures. 2. Milk production in late spring/summer: effects of grazing intensity during the preceding spring period. Grass Forage Sci 47, 316-325. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1992.tb02277.x
  • Hunt L.A., Brougham R.W., 1967. Some changes in the structure of a perennial ryegrass sward frequently but leniently defoliated during the summer. N Z J Agric Res 10, 397-404. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00288233.1967.10426368
  • Hurley G., O'Donovan M., Gilliland T.J., 2008. Effect of defoliation treatment on reproductive initiation and further development of perennial ryegrass daughter tillers. Proc 34th Irish Grassland and Animal Production Assoc. Tullamore, Ireland, March 12-13. p.74.
  • Jacobs J.L., Rigby S.E., McKenzie F.R., Ward G.N., Kearney G., 1998. Effect of lock up and harvest dates on dairy pasture dry matter yield and quality for silage in south-western Victoria. Aust J Exp Agric 38, 131-138. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/EA97068
  • Johnson I.R., Parsons A.J., 1985. Use of a model to analyse the effects of continuous grazing managements on seasonal patterns of grass production. Grass Forage Sci 40, 449-458. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1985.tb01776.x
  • Kennedy E., O'Donovan M., Murphy J.P., Delaby L., O'Mara F., 2005. Effect of grass pasture and concentrate-based feeding systems for spring-calving dairy cows in early spring on performance during lactation. Grass Forage Sci 60, 310-318. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.2005.00481.x
  • Kennedy E., O'Donovan M., Murphy J.P., O'Mara F., Delaby L., 2006. The effect of initial spring grazing date and subsequent stocking rate on the grazing management, grass dry matter intake and milk production of dairy cows in summer. Grass Forage Sci 61, 375-384. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.2006.00544.x
  • Kennedy E., O'Donovan M., Murphy J.P., O'Mara F., Delaby L., 2007. The effect of initial spring grazing date and subsequent stocking rate on the grazing management, grass dry matter intake and milk production of dairy cows in summer. Grass Forage Sci 61, 375-384. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.2006.00544.x
  • Lee J.M., Donaghy D.J., Roche J.R., 2008. Effect of postgrazing pasture height on milk production. J Dairy Sci 91, 4307-4311. http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.2008-1188
  • Lowman B.G., Scott N., Somerville S., 1976. Condition of scoring cattle. Rev Ed Bull No6. East of England College of Agriculture, Edinburgh, UK. 33 pp.
  • Maher J., Stakelum G., Rath M., 2003. Effect of daily herbage allowance on the performance of spring-calving dairy cows. Ir J Agric Food Res 42, 229-241.
  • Mayes R.W., Lamb C.S., Colgrove P.A., 1986. The use of dosed herbage n-alkanes as markers for the determination of herbage intake. J Agric Sci (Camb) 10, 161-170. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0021859600066910
  • Mayne C.S., Wright I.A., Fisher G.E.J., 2000. Grassland management under grazing and animal response. In: Grass: its production and utilisation (Hopkins A., ed). Centre for Agriculture and Biosciences, NY, USA. pp. 247-291.
  • McEvoy M., O'Donovan M., Kennedy E., Murphy J.P., Delaby L., Boland T.M., 2009. Effect of pregrazing herbage mass and pasture allowance on the lactation performance of Holstein-Friesian dairy cows. J Dairy Sci 92, 414-422. http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.2008-1313
  • O'Donovan M., Delaby L., Peyraud J.L., 2004. Effect of time of initial grazing date and subsequent stocking rate on pasture production and dairy cow performance. Anim Res 53, 489-502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/animres:2004036
  • O'Donovan M., Delaby L., 2008. Sward characteristics, grass dry matter intake and milk production performance is affected by timing of spring grazing and subsequent stocking rate. Livest Prod Sci 115, 158-168. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.livsci.2007.07.010
  • Peyraud J.L., Comeron E.A., Wade M.H., Lemaire G., 1996. The effect of daily herbage allowance, herbage mass and animal factors upon intake by grazing dairy animals, Ann Zootech 45, 201-217. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/animres:19960301
  • Roca A. I., González A., Vázquez O.P., 2009. Response to grazing pressure and supplementation on milk production by dairy cows. Grass Sci in Europe 14, 436-439.
  • Shalloo L., O'Donnell S., Horan B., 2007. Profitable dairying in an increased EU milk quota scenario. Proc Nat Dairy Conference. Kilkenny, Ireland, Nov 21-22 pp. 20-44.
  • Stakelum G., 1986. Herbage intake of grazing dairy cows 1. Effect of herbage allowance, herbage mass, and concentrate feeding on the intake of cows grazing primary spring grass, Ir J Agric Food Res 25, 41-51.
  • Stakelum G., Dillon P., 2007. The effect of grazing pressure on rotationally grazed pasture in spring/early summer on subsequent sward characteristics. Ir J Agric Food Res 46, 15-28.
  • Terry R.A., Tilley J.M.A., 1964. The digestibility of the leaves and stems of perennial ryegrass, cocksfoot, timothy, tall fescue, lucerne and sainfoin, as measured by an in vitro procedure. J Brit Grass Soc 19, 363-372. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1964.tb01188.x
  • Tyrrell H.F., Reid J.T., 1965. Prediction of the energy value of cow's milk. J Dairy Sci 48, 1215-1223. http://dx.doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(65)88430-2
  • Urban B., Caudal J.P., 1990. Herbometre automatisé. Journées de la Mesure INRA Dept. Informatique. París, France, pp. 55-59. [In French].
  • WADE M.H., 1991. Factors affecting the availability of vegetative Lolium perenne to grazing cows with special reference to sward characteristics, stocking rate and grazing method. Doctoral Thesis. University of Rennes, Rennes.
  • Wales W.J., Doyle P.T., Stockdale C.R., Dellow D.W., 1999. Effects of variations in herbage mass, allowance, and level of supplement on nutrient intake and milk production of dairy cows in spring and summer. Aust J Exp Agric 39, 119-130. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/EA98151
Fuente de los datos: Dialnet